Abayobozi bakuru muri guverinoma ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika batangaje ku Cyumweru ko ibihugu birenga 50 byazahajwe n’imisoro mishya yashyizweho na Perezida Donald Trump byatangiye kwegera Ibiro bya Perezida bishaka gutangira ibiganiro kuri iyo misoro iremereye yatumye amasoko y’imari atitira, igatera impungenge z’ihungabana ry’ubukungu ndetse igahindura imiterere y’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga.
Iyo misoro izatangira gukusanywa ku wa Gatatu, bikaba biteganijwe ko izazana igihe cy’ubwoba mu bukungu nta gihe kizwi izarangirira. Umunyamabanga wa Leta ushinzwe Imari, Scott Bessent, yavuze ko ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi bidahwitse atari “ibintu bishobora gukemuka mu minsi cyangwa mu byumweru.” Yongeraho ati: “Amerika igomba kureba ibyo ibindi bihugu bitanga, ndetse niba binashoboka kugirwaho icyizere.”
Trump, wari uri muri Florida mu mpera z’icyumweru akina Golf, yanditse kuri murandasi ati: “TUZATSINDA. MWIHANGANE, ntabwo bizoroha.” Abagize guverinoma ye n’abajyanama mu bukungu be bakoze ibishoboka byose ku Cyumweru bagaragaza impamvu z’iyo misoro ndetse bagabanya ubwoba abantu bafite ku ngaruka zayo ku bukungu mpuzamahanga.
“Nta mpamvu y’uko hazabaho ihungabana ry’ubukungu. Ninde uzi uko amasoko azitwara ejo cyangwa mu cyumweru gitaha?” Bessent yabajije. “Icyo dushishikajwe nacyo ni ugushimangira urufatiro rukomeye rw’ubukungu ruganisha ku iterambere rirambye.”
Amasoko y’imari ya Amerika yagize igitutu ku mugoroba wo ku Cyumweru ubwo iyo misoro yakomezaga guhungabanya ubucuruzi. Ibirarane by’amasoko ya Dow Jones na S&P 500 byaguye hafi 4%, naho irya Nasdaq rimanuka hafi 5%. Ndetse n’agaciro ka Bitcoin, kari kameze neza mu cyumweru cyashize, kaguye hafi 6% ku Cyumweru.
Ibikorwa bya Trump byo gushyiraho imisoro, byatangajwe tariki ya 2 Mata, byari ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’isezerano ry’ingenzi yatanze ubwo yiyamamazaga, aho yifashishije ububasha bw’umukuru w’igihugu adaciye muri Kongere kugira ngo ahindure amategeko agenga ubucuruzi ku rwego rw’isi. Ni igikorwa Trump yari amaze imyaka myinshi arota, aho akunze kunenga amasezerano y’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga nk’abangamira Amerika. Yizeye ko Abanyamerika bazemera guhura n’izamuka ry’ibiciro kugira ngo ashyire mu bikorwa icyerekezo cye cy’ubukungu.
Ibihugu bitandukanye biri kwihutira kumenya uburyo byazitwara kuri iyo misoro, u Bushinwa n’ibindi bihugu bihita bishyiraho ingamba zo kwihimura.
Umujyanama mukuru mu bukungu wa Perezida, Kevin Hassett, yemeye ko “ibihugu byinshi birakaye kandi biri kwihimura,” ariko anongeraho ko “ariko kandi, biri no kuza kuganira.” Yavuze ko Ibiro bishinzwe ubucuruzi bya Amerika byatangaje ko ibihugu birenga 50 byamaze kwegera Ibiro bya Perezida bigamije gutangira ibiganiro.
Byiyongereyeho ko iyo misoro nshya iri no gukomeretsa inshuti za Amerika kimwe n’abanzi bayo, harimo n’igihugu cya Isiraheli, cyahawe umusoro wa 17%. Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Isiraheli, Benjamin Netanyahu, ategerejwe muri Amerika kuri uyu wa Mbere, aho azagirana ikiganiro n’itangazamakuru hamwe na Perezida Trump. Ibiro bye byatangaje ko iyo misoro izaba imwe mu ngingo z’ibiganiro, hamwe n’intambara yo muri Gaza n’ibindi bibazo.
Ikindi gihugu cy’inshuti ya Amerika, Vietnam – igihugu gikomeye mu ruganda rw’imyenda – na cyo cyamaze kwegera ubuyobozi bwa Amerika kuri iyo misoro. Trump yavuze ko Umuyobozi wa Vietnam yamuhamagaye kuri telefoni, akamubwira ko igihugu cye “cyifuza gukuraho imisoro yose ku bicuruzwa niba cyashobora kugirana amasezerano na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.” Undi mufatanyabikorwa w’i Burayi, Minisitiri w’Intebe w’u Butaliyani, Giorgia Meloni, yavuze ko atemera icyo cyemezo cya Trump ariko ko “yiteguye gukoresha uburyo bwose bushoboka – ibijyanye n’ibiganiro ndetse n’ubukungu – mu gufasha ibigo byacu n’inganda zishobora guhura n’igihombo.”
Minisitiri w’Ubucuruzi, Howard Lutnick, yavuze ko nta gisibya: “Imisoro izaza. Ni ko bimeze.” Yongeraho ko Trump akeneye gusubiza ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga ku murongo, ariko avuga ko iyo misoro izamara “iminsi cyangwa ibyumweru” gusa.
Mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko, aho Ishyaka ry’Abarepubulikani riharanira ubucuruzi bufunguye, iyi misoro yateje impaka: hari abayishima, ariko n’impungenge ni nyinshi.
Abasenateri bamwe b’Abarepubulikani basinyiye itegeko rishya risaba ko Perezida yasobanura imisoro nshya imbere ya Kongere. Iryo tegeko rivuga ko Kongere igomba kwemeza iyo misoro mu minsi 60, bitabaye ibyo ikaba irangiye. Umudepite wo muri Nebraska, Don Bacon, yavuze ko ku wa mbere azageza ku Nteko Ishinga Amategeko iryo tegeko mu rwego rwo kugarura ububasha bwa Kongere ku bijyanye n’imisoro.
“Twatanze ubwo bubasha ku rwego rw’ubuyobozi. Muri iki gihe, tubona ko byari amakosa,” Bacon yavuze, yongeraho ko kugira ngo iryo tegeko rizemezwe bizagorana keretse isoko ry’imari rikomeje kwitwara nabi, ndetse n’ibipimo by’izamuka ry’ibiciro no kubura akazi bikaba bibi.
Senateri John Barrasso wo muri Wyoming, uwa kabiri mu bayobozi b’Abarepubulikani muri Sena, yavuze ko Trump “akora ibyo yemerewe n’amategeko.” Ariko nanone yemeye ko “impungenge zihari, kandi ni impungenge ziri hose mu gihugu. Abantu barareba uko isoko rihagaze.”
“Iyo misoro izaganirwaho muri Sena,” Barrasso yongeyeho. “Tuzareba uko ibiganiro bizagenda.”
Elon Musk, umushoramari w’ikirangirire akaba n’umuyobozi wa Departema y’Ubushobozi bwa Guverinoma ya Trump, yari ataragira icyo avuga kuri iyo misoro, ariko ku mpera z’icyumweru mu bikorwa byabereye mu Butaliyani, yavuze ko yifuza ko Amerika n’u Burayi byajya “mu rwego rwo kudashyiraho imisoro na gato.” Ibyo byatangajwe n’umuyobozi wa Tesla byarakaje Peter Navarro, umujyanama wa Trump mu bucuruzi.
“Elon, iyo ari mu nzira ye ya DOGE, ni umuhanga. Ariko tugomba gusobanukirwa ibiri kuba. Tugomba kubyumva neza. Elon acuruza imodoka,” Navarro yavuze. Yongeraho ati: “Arimo kwirengera inyungu ze, nk’uko undi mushoramari uwo ari we wese yabigenza.”
Lawrence Summers, umuhanga mu bukungu wabaye Umunyamabanga wa Leta ushinzwe Imari muri guverinoma ya Perezida Bill Clinton, yavuze ko Trump n’itsinda rye bashyira hanze ubutumwa butumvikana neza, cyane cyane iyo bavuga ko bashaka kuzahura inganda z’i Amerika ariko banavuga ko bashaka ibiganiro n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa.
Yagize ati: “Niba ibindi bihugu bikuyemo imisoro, na Amerika ikabikora, tuba turi kugirana amasezerano gusa – nta musoro winjizwa, kandi nta ruganda rwimurirwa muri Amerika. Ariko niba ari isoko rihoraho ryinjiza amafaranga kandi rigamije kwimurira inganda muri Amerika, bivuze ko iyo misoro izahoraho. Bityo Perezida ntiyashobora kugira ibintu byombi.”
Bessent yagaragaye kuri NBC mu kiganiro “Meet the Press,” Hassett na Summers bari kuri ABC mu kiganiro “This Week,” Lutnick na Barrasso bari kuri CBS mu kiganiro “Face the Nation,” naho Navarro yagaragaye kuri Fox News mu kiganiro “Sunday Morning Futures.”
