Ku mugoroba wo kuri uyu wa Kabiri, ibiro bya Perezida wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika byatangaje ko ingamba (tarifi) nshya z’ubucuruzi zashyizweho na Perezida Donald Trump zizahita zitangira gushyirwa mu bikorwa bidatinze. Ibi bije mu gihe ubukungu bw’isi bukomeje guhura n’ibibazo bitandukanye, aho ibihugu bikomeye byohereza ibicuruzwa muri Amerika byitezweho kugira icyo bikora ku ngaruka z’izo tarifi.
Nk’uko White House yabitangaje, izi tarifi zigamije gukemura ikibazo cy’imbogamizi ziri mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga, aho ibihugu nka Chine, Uburayi n’ibindi bifite inganda zikomeye bikomeje kugira inyungu nyinshi ugereranyije na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Perezida Trump yemeza ko ari ngombwa gushyiraho aya mahoro ya gasutamo kugira ngo habeho uburinganire mu bucuruzi ndetse n’iterambere ry’inganda z’imbere mu gihugu.
Mu magambo ya Perezida Trump, yagize ati: “Twagize igihe kinini duhomba kubera ubucuruzi butagira ingingo zubahirizwa, igihe kirageze ngo Amerika isubirane ubukungu bwayo. Izi tarifi zizafasha inganda zacu kongera umusaruro no guha akazi abaturage bacu.”
Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zashyizeho izi tarifi ku bicuruzwa biva mu bihugu bitandukanye. Ibihugu byibasiwe cyane ni:
- Chine: Ibicuruzwa byinshi bikomoka muri Chine nk’imodoka, ibyuma, ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, ndetse n’imyenda bigiye kuzamurirwa igiciro kinini kugira ngo inganda zo muri Amerika zibe ari zo zitanga ibyo bicuruzwa imbere mu gihugu.
- Uburayi: Igihugu cy’Ubwongereza, Ubudage, n’Ubufaransa biri mu bigomba guhura n’izi tarifi, cyane cyane ku bicuruzwa bijyanye n’ubuhinzi, inganda z’imodoka, ndetse n’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga.
- Mexico na Canada: N’ubwo ibi bihugu ari ibituranyi bya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, nabyo byagize ingaruka ku bicuruzwa byabo byinjizwa muri Amerika nka peteroli, amata, inyama, ndetse n’ibindi biribwa.
Izi tarifi nshya zigiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa ziteganyijwe kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku bukungu bw’isi muri rusange. Bamwe mu bahanga mu by’ubukungu bagaragaje ko bishobora guteza ikibazo cy’isoko ridafunguye, bikaba byatuma ibiciro ku isoko bihinduka cyane.
Bamwe mu banyamerika bashima iyi ngamba bavuga ko izongera imirimo ndetse n’iterambere ry’inganda zabo. Gusa abandi bavuga ko ibi bishobora gutuma ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa bizamuka ku masoko yo muri Amerika, bigatuma ubuzima buhenze kurushaho.
Ibihugu bikorana ubucuruzi bwa hafi na Amerika bishobora guhura n’ihungabana ry’ubukungu kubera izi tarifi. Muri Mexico, urugero, inganda zitunganya ibinyobwa bikomoka ku mbuto byitezweho guhura n’igihombo gikomeye.
Ku rwego rw’isi, ibi bishobora gutera intambara y’ubucuruzi hagati y’ibihugu bikomeye. Uburayi bwatangaje ko nabwo bugiye gushyiraho ingamba zo guhangana n’ibi bihano by’ubukungu bya Amerika. Ku rundi ruhande, Ubushinwa bwatangaje ko nabwo bushobora kongera ibihano ku bicuruzwa byinjira mu gihugu cyabwo bivuye muri Amerika.
N’ubwo u Rwanda rutagaragara mu bihugu byibasiwe cyane n’izi tarifi, ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bucuruzi mpuzamahanga ndetse n’ishingano z’imikoranire n’ibihugu bikomeye. Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bikoresho by’inyubako, ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga ndetse n’ibindi biva mu Burayi na Amerika bikaba byazahura n’izamuka ry’ibiciro ku isoko.
Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’ingaruka z’izi tarifi, ibihugu byinshi byatangiye gutekereza ku buryo bwo kwihangira ubucuruzi bidashingiye ku gihugu kimwe. Urugero, Uburayi bwatangaje ko bugiye kongera ubufatanye n’ibihugu byo muri Aziya na Afurika mu rwego rwo kwirinda ihungabana ry’ubukungu.
Perezida Trump we yemeza ko n’ubwo habayeho ibibazo by’ubucuruzi, amaherezo ibi bizaha Amerika inyungu kurusha ibihano bishobora kuyifatirwa n’ibindi bihugu.
Tarifi nshya za Trump zigiye gutangira gukurikizwa, bikaba bigaragara ko zizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku bucuruzi mpuzamahanga. Nubwo bamwe babona ko ari uburyo bwiza bwo kuzamura ubukungu bw’Amerika, abandi bavuga ko ibi bishobora guteza ikibazo cy’ubukungu ku isi yose. Uko bizagenda bikemuka bizaterwa n’ingamba ibihugu byafata mu rwego rwo kurinda inyungu zabyo.
Ibi bigaragaza ko ubukungu bw’isi buhorana impinduka, bityo ibihugu bikwiye gukomeza gushaka ibisubizo birambye kugira ngo ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga bukomeze kwihuta no gutanga umusaruro mwiza kuri bose.
