Serivisi z’Ubwenegihugu n’Abinjira mu Gihugu bwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services), ishami rya Minisiteri y’Umutekano w’Igihugu (Department of Homeland Security) rishinzwe ibijyanye n’ubwenegihugu, uburenganzira bwo gutura no gutanga izindi serivisi z’abinjira mu gihugu, ryahagaritse by’agateganyo kwakira no gutunganya zimwe mu mpapuro zisaba uburenganzira bwo gutura (green card) kugira ngo hakorwe iperereza ryimbitse ku basaba ubwo burenganzira, nk’uko byatangajwe na Minisiteri y’Umutekano w’Igihugu.
Itegeko ryihutirwa rya Perezida Trump ryiswe “Kurinda Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika Abakora Ibyaha by’Ubuhezanguni n’Ibindi Byago ku Mutekano w’Igihugu n’Imibereho Rusange,” ryasabaga ibigo birebwa n’iki kibazo gusesengura no kugenzura mu buryo bwimbitse kandi bwuzuye abimukira bose bifuza kwinjira, abamaze kwinjira, cyangwa abasanzwe bari muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, cyane cyane abaturuka mu bihugu cyangwa mu turere dufite ibibazo by’umutekano.
Ku mpunzi n’abahawe ubuhungiro muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, iyi ngamba isaba iperereza ryisumbuyeho ku bw’iperereza risanzwe, kandi risanzwe rikorwa ku buryo bukomeye ku mpunzi, kuko zisanzwe zigenzurwa hakiri kare zitaragera muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
Serivisi z’Abaturage n’Abimukira muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (USCIS), ishami rishinzwe ubwenegihugu, ibyangombwa byemewe n’inyungu zijyanye n’abimukira muri Minisiteri y’Umutekano w’Igihugu, zahagaritse igikorwa cyo kwakira no gutunganya zimwe muri dosiye zisaba Green Card. Ibi byakozwe mu rwego rwo kongera igenzura ryimbitse ku basaba ayo byangombwa, nk’uko byatangajwe na Minisiteri y’Umutekano w’Igihugu muri Amerika.
Iri hagarikwa rishingiye ku itegeko ryashyizweho na Perezida Donald Trump, ryiswe “Kurinda Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ku Banyamahanga Bateje Umutekano Muke na Bandi Banyamahanga Bafite Ingaruka ku Mutekano Rusange.” Iri tegeko ryasabaga inzego z’igihugu gukora igenzura rikomeye kuri buri wese winjira muri Amerika, by’umwihariko abaturutse mu bihugu bifite ibibazo by’umutekano.
Ubusanzwe, abahejejwe ishyanga n’abahawe ubuhungiro muri Amerika banyura mu cyiciro cy’ubugenzuzi bukomeye mbere y’uko bemererwa kwinjira muri Amerika. Iri hagarikwa ry’imitangire ya Green Card rikaba ryongera izindi nzitizi ku bantu bari basanzwe baratangiye gukurikiranwa ndetse bagomba kubona uburenganzira bwabo nk’abimukira.
Mu buryo busanzwe, abimukira basaba Green Card banyura mu nzira ndende y’isesengura, harimo gusuzuma amateka yabo, ibyemezo by’amategeko, uko bitwaye mu buzima bwa buri munsi ndetse n’uko bagiye bagira uruhare mu mibereho ya Amerika. Iri hagarikwa ry’igihe gito rirasobanuye ko abari baratangiye inzira yo kubona Green Card bashobora gutinda kubona ibisubizo byabo, cyangwa se bamwe bagasabwa gutanga andi makuru y’inyongera mbere yo kwemererwa.
Ibi bikorwa byafashwe nk’ingamba nshya zo gukaza umutekano, ariko kandi hari abavuga ko bishobora kugabanya ubwisanzure bw’abimukira bafite uburenganzira bwo kugana Amerika. Bamwe mu mpirimbanyi z’uburenganzira bwa muntu bavuga ko iri hagarikwa rishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku miryango itandukanye ndetse no ku baturage basanzwe bafite ibyemezo bibemerera kuba muri Amerika ariko batarabona Green Card.
Abashaka ubuhungiro cyangwa se abari barahawe uburenganzira bwo kuba impunzi muri Amerika bazajya bacishwa mu bundi buryo bwo kugenzurwa ku rwego rwo hejuru. Ibi bivuze ko, nubwo bari baramaze gukurikiranwa mbere, bazongera gucishwa mu bushishozi bwisumbuyeho. Iki cyemezo cyagaragaje ko ubushishozi mu bijyanye n’umutekano bwongerewe, ariko kandi abari mu nzira yo kubona Green Card bagomba gutegereza igihe kirekire.
Kubera iri hagarikwa, abari basanzwe bafite ibisabwa byose kugira ngo bemererwe Green Card bashobora gutinda kuyibona. Ibi bigira ingaruka nyinshi ku buzima bwabo bwa buri munsi, nk’abari bafite imirimo ibasaba gukomeza kuba bafite uburenganzira bwo gukorera muri Amerika cyangwa se abari bafite gahunda yo kujya gufatanya n’imiryango yabo.
Nubwo iki cyemezo cyateje impagarara, abayobozi batandukanye basaba ko hakongerwa ubushishozi mu gufata ibyemezo bifitanye isano n’abimukira. Bamwe mu banyamategeko n’impirimbanyi z’uburenganzira bwa muntu barasaba ko inzego zibishinzwe zagira uruhare mu gutanga ibisobanuro byimbitse ku cyerekezo cy’iki cyemezo n’igihe gishobora kuzamara.
Abantu bose bari mu nzira yo gusaba Green Card basabwa kwihangana, gukomeza gukurikiranira hafi amakuru agezweho ndetse no gushaka inama ku banyamategeko babizobereye. Hakenewe ubufatanye hagati y’inzego zitandukanye kugira ngo hatazagira ababura uburenganzira bwabo ku mpamvu zishingiye ku itinda ry’iri genzura rikomeye.
Iki cyemezo cya USCIS cyateje impaka ndende, aho bamwe bakibona nk’uburyo bwiza bwo gukaza umutekano w’Amerika, mu gihe abandi bakivuga nk’igihombo ku bimukira bari bamaze kwemezwa n’inzego bireba. Nubwo uburyo bwo kugenzura abimukira bukomeje gukazwa, uburenganzira bw’abari mu nzira yo kubona Green Card bugomba gukomeza kubahirizwa kandi hatabayeho ubusumbane. Biracyasaba igihe ngo hamenyekane neza niba iri hagarikwa ari iry’igihe gito cyangwa se niba hari impinduka zikomeye zizabaho ku bijyanye n’imyitwarire ya Amerika ku bimukira.
