Mu cyemezo giteje impaka, ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Donald Trump bwatangaje ko buhagaritse inkunga bwageneraga University of Maine System. Ibi bibaye nyuma y’uko leta ya Maine yanze gukurikiza itegeko rya Perezida Trump ribuza abakinnyi bihinduye ibitsina (transgender) gukina mu marushanwa y’abagore.
Iri tegeko ryateje impaka zikomeye muri Amerika no hanze yayo, aho bamwe barishyigikiye bavuga ko rigamije gukumira akarengane mu mikino y’abagore, mu gihe abandi barirwanya bavuga ko ribangamira uburenganzira bwa muntu. Iyi nkuru irasesengura byimbitse iby’iki cyemezo, ingaruka gifite ku burezi n’imikino, ndetse n’ibitekerezo bitandukanye byatanzwe kuri iki kibazo.
Nk’uko byatangajwe na Minisiteri y’Uburezi ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, ihagarikwa ry’iyi nkunga rifitanye isano n’uko Leta ya Maine yanze gukurikiza itegeko rya Trump ribuza abakinnyi b’abagabo bahindutse abagore gukina mu marushanwa y’abagore. Ubuyobozi bwa University of Maine System bwatangaje ko bwimakaje amahame y’uburinganire, buha amahirwe angana abanyeshuri bose hatitawe ku bwoko bwabo, igitsina cyangwa imiterere yabo.
Iri tangazo ryakuruye impaka ndende, cyane cyane mu barimu, abanyeshuri n’abategura amarushanwa y’imikino. Abayobozi ba kaminuza bagaragaje impungenge ku ngaruka iki cyemezo gishobora kugira ku banyeshuri n’uburezi muri rusange.
Muri 2023, Perezida Trump yasinyiye itegeko rigamije gukumira abakinnyi bihinduye ibitsina mu marushanwa y’abagore. Yatangaje ko iri tegeko rifite intego yo “kurengera abagore no kurinda uburinganire mu mikino.” Ubusanzwe, impaka zishingiye ku kuba hari impungenge ko abagabo bahindutse abagore bashobora kugira inyungu zishingiye ku miterere yabo y’umubiri, bikaba byahungabanya ihiganwa.
Gusa, abaharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu bavuga ko iri tegeko ari akarengane, kuko rikumira bamwe mu bagize sosiyete kwitabira amarushanwa mu buryo bungana n’abandi. Bagaragaza ko abantu bihinduye ibitsina bafite uburenganzira nk’abandi bwo gukina imikino no kugira ubuzima bwiza binyuze muri siporo.
Leta ya Maine yatangaje ko idashyigikiye iri tegeko kuko ribangamira uburenganzira bw’abantu bose. Guverineri wa Maine, Janet Mills, yavuze ko “siporo ari iy’abantu bose, kandi twemera ko abantu bose bagomba kugira uburenganzira bungana mu mikino, uburezi no mu buzima bwa buri munsi.”
Ubuyobozi bwa University of Maine System bwashyigikiye iki cyemezo, butangaza ko budashobora gushyira mu bikorwa itegeko ribangamira abanyeshuri babo. Bavuze ko intego yabo ari ukugira ibigo by’uburezi byakira buri wese, bitanga amahirwe angana kuri bose, kandi byubahiriza amahame y’uburenganzira bwa muntu.
Ihagarikwa ry’inkunga y’uburezi rifite ingaruka zikomeye kuri University of Maine System. Muri izo ngaruka harimo:
- Igabanuka ry’inkunga y’amafaranga: Inkunga yagenerwaga iyi kaminuza yifashishwaga mu gutanga buruse, kugura ibikoresho, no guteza imbere ubushakashatsi. Iri hagarikwa rishobora gutuma abanyeshuri batakaza amahirwe yo kubona uburezi bufite ireme.
- Imbogamizi ku marushanwa y’imikino: Iki cyemezo gishobora kugira ingaruka ku marushanwa y’abanyeshuri, kuko hari inkunga yagenerwaga ibikorwa bya siporo.
- Impinduka ku mikorere ya kaminuza: Ubwo hari amafaranga azaba abuze, kaminuza izasabwa kugabanya ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku barimu, abanyeshuri ndetse n’abandi bakozi.
- Impaka ku burenganzira bwa muntu: Iki cyemezo cyazamuye impaka zikomeye mu gihugu hose, aho abantu batandukanye barimo impirimbanyi z’uburenganzira bwa muntu, abayobozi ba kaminuza n’abanyeshuri bagaragaza ko ribangamira demokarasi.
Iki cyemezo cyateje impaka ndende mu baturage ba Amerika. Dore uko bamwe bagitanzeho ibitekerezo:
- Abashyigikiye icyemezo cya Trump: Bavuga ko bikwiye ko imikino y’abagore ikinwa n’abagore, kuko abagabo bahindutse abagore bashobora kugira ubushobozi bw’umubiri bubaha amahirwe arenze ay’abandi.
- Abatemera iri tegeko: Bavuga ko rikumira abantu bamwe, ribangamira uburenganzira bwabo, kandi rishobora gutera akarengane.
- Abanyeshuri bo muri University of Maine System: Benshi bagaragaje ko bashyigikiye kaminuza yabo, bavuga ko bifuza kwiga ahantu hatabamo ivangura iryo ari ryo ryose.
Nyuma y’iki cyemezo, hari abifuza ko haba ibiganiro bihuza impande zose kugira ngo hishakishwe umwanzuro udafite ingaruka mbi. Bimwe mu byifuzo byatanzwe harimo:
- Kureba uburyo bwo gutunganya amarushanwa ku buryo buri wese abona amahirwe angana.
- Gukomeza kuganira n’impuguke mu by’uburinganire n’imikino kugira ngo hafatwe umwanzuro uhamye.
- Gushishoza mbere yo gufata ibyemezo byagize ingaruka ku burezi bw’abanyeshuri.
Ihagarikwa ry’inkunga ya University of Maine System ryateje impaka nyinshi, rikaba rishobora kugira ingaruka nini ku burezi, siporo ndetse n’uburenganzira bwa muntu muri Amerika. Mu gihe bamwe bashyigikiye icyemezo cya Trump, abandi bacyamaganye bavuga ko ribangamira amahame y’uburenganzira bwa muntu.
Impaka kuri iki kibazo zigaragaza ko hakenewe ibiganiro byimbitse hagati y’abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye kugira ngo haboneke umwanzuro udahutaza abantu bamwe. Ibi biganiro bizafasha gukemura ikibazo mu buryo bwubahiriza uburenganzira bwa buri wese, bikarinda ko imikino n’uburezi bihungabanywa n’amategeko adahuje ibitekerezo by’abantu bose.
