Mu mateka arimo ibanga n’amayobera menshi y’Itorero Gatolika, hari inkuru iteye urujijo y’umuntu witwa Pope Joan, umugore bivugwa ko yigeze kuba Papa ari nawe mugore rukumbi wabaye kuri uyu mwanya w’ikirenga mu Itorero Gatolika. Nubwo benshi mu bahanga n’abanditsi babona iyi nkuru nk’iy’inzaduka cyangwa iy’urwenya rwa kera, hari ibimenyetso byinshi bituma bamwe bibaza niba koko iyi nkuru itaba ishingiye ku kuri.
Inkuru ya Pope Joan yatangiye kwamamara mu kinyejana cya 13, ivugwa bwa mbere n’umwanditsi w’Umudominikani witwa Jean de Mailly mu gitabo cye “Chronica Universalis Mettensis”. Nyuma ye, abandi banditsi nka Martin of Opava na Stephen of Bourbon barayigarutseho, bikomeza kuyihindura inkuru izunguruka mu bihugu byinshi by’i Burayi.
Bivugwa ko Pope Joan yabayeho mu kinyejana cya 9, akavuka mu Budage cyangwa mu Bwongereza, bitewe n’uburyo inkuru zitandukanye ziyivuga. Amazina ye nyakuri ngo ni Johanna cyangwa Joan, akaba yari umugore w’ubwenge bwinshi, uzi iby’amategeko, imibare, filozofiya, n’imyizerere ya gikirisitu, ibintu bitari bisanzwe ku bagore muri icyo gihe.
Muri icyo gihe, kwiga byari bigenewe gusa abagabo. Ngo kugira ngo abone amahirwe yo kwiga, Joan yihinduye umugabo, yitwa John Anglicus, agatangira urugendo rwo kwiga mu bigo by’abihayimana i Athens no i Rome. Ubwenge n’ubushishozi bwe ngo byamuteye kuzamuka mu nzego za kiliziya, kugeza ubwo yagizwe Papa, asimbuye uwari warapfuye.
Inkuru ivuga ko Joan yamaze imyaka ibiri n’igice ku ntebe ya Petero, atarabasha gutahurwa ko ari umugore. Ariko ubwo yari mu irahira rusange ryari rigiye kuba hafi y’urusengero rwitwaga Lateran, ngo yatunguwe n’ibise, maze ahabyarira umwana, imbere y’imbaga. Ibyo byatangaje abantu bose, bituma abari bamukurikiye bamenya ko ari umugore, bityo inkuru ye ihita iba igitangaza cy’ikinyejana.
Iyi nkuru, uko yagiye itambuka mu binyamakuru no mu nyandiko zitandukanye, yagiye ivuguruzwa n’ubuyobozi bwa Kiliziya Gatolika. Kugeza n’ubu, Vatican yanga kwemera ko Pope Joan yabayeho. Bivugwa ko ari inkuru yagiye ihimbwa n’abashinzwe kwamagana Kiliziya, by’umwihariko mu gihe cya Reformasiyo (Reformation), kugira ngo bayisebye.
Abashakashatsi benshi bahamya ko iyo nkuru ari iy’inzaduka, ko nta bimenyetso bifatika byerekana ko habayeho umugore wigeze kuba Papa. Ariko na none, abandi bavuga ko impamvu nta bimenyetso bifatika biboneka ari uko Kiliziya yaba yarabisibye cyangwa ikabihisha, kubera igisebo no kugira ngo itarushaho kunengwa.
Ibimenyetso n’ibihuha byayikomeje
1. Umuhanda wa Papa utagacaga aho yabyaririye
Hari abavuga ko kuva icyo gihe, umuhanda wahuzaga St. Peter’s Basilica na Lateran utigeze ukandagirwaho n’undi Papa, kugira ngo birinde kwibutsa iryo sebo ryabaye.
2. Intebe yo gupima igitsina
Hari inkuru zivuga ko nyuma y’ayo mateka, Kiliziya yashyizeho igipimo gikomeye cy’uko Papa agomba kubanza gusuzumwa, bakoresheje intebe ifite umwenge hagati, aho umuntu yicara, hanyuma umuyobozi mukuru akareba igitsina, akavuga ngo “Habemus Papam, virum esse probatum est!” bishatse kuvuga ngo “Dufite Papa, byemejwe ko ari umugabo.”
Nubwo ibi bisa nk’aho ari igihuha, inyandiko zinyuranye zo mu binyejana bya kera zabivuzeho, kandi intebe nk’iyo ibikwa mu nzu ndangamurage zimwe.
Nubwo Kiliziya itemera ko Pope Joan yabayeho, inkuru ye yagiye ihindurwamo ibihangano bitandukanye. Hari ibitabo byinshi byanditswe kuri we, harimo nka:
- Pope Joan ya Donna Woolfolk Cross (1996), igitabo cyamamaye cyane.
- Filime yiswe Pope Joan yasohotse mu 2009, yerekana uko ashobora kuba yarabayeho.
Ibihangano nk’ibi byagaragaje Pope Joan nk’ishusho y’umugore w’intwari, wigaruriye umwanya w’ubuyobozi muri sosiyete yamurengaga, binabiba urujijo ku by’ukuri n’iby’igihuha.
Ese Pope Joan yaba yarabayeho koko?
Iki ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye amateka adafite igisubizo cyihariye. Abemera iyi nkuru bavuga ko kuba abantu benshi bayanditse mu bihe bitandukanye byaba bihagije kuyihesha icyizere. Naho abatawemera bavuga ko nta rukiko cyangwa igitabo cya Vatican cyigeze kivuga izina rye.
Ariko igisigaye ari ukuri ni uko inkuru ya Pope Joan ikomeza kuba umwe mu mayobera manini y’amateka ya kiliziya, kandi ikomeje gukurura ubushakashatsi, ibiganiro, n’ibihangano.
Icyitonderwa: Nubwo inkuru ya Pope Joan ishobora kuba yaratekerejwe nk’igitangaza cyangwa igihuha, irerekana uko abantu ba kera babonaga ububasha bw’igitsina, n’uko amahirwe yo kwiyubaka yashoboraga guhishwa n’akarengane k’abagore. Iyi nkuru ikaba isigira isi ubutumwa bwo kugira impinduka no gushidikanya ku makuru ashobora guhishwe n’ubutegetsi.
