Perezida w’Amerika Donald Trump yatangaje ko agiye gushyiraho umusoro wa 100% ku mafilimi yose “yinjira mu gihugu atakorewe muri Amerika” umunsi umwe nyuma y’uko ahuye n’umukinnyi w’amafilimi Jon Voight kugira ngo baganire ku ngamba zo kugarura inganda z’amafilimi muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Voight we yari yasabye ko imisoro y’amafilimi ikoreshwa gusa “mu bihe bidasanzwe kandi byihariye.”
Jon Voight, uzwi mu mafilimi nka Midnight Cowboy na Heat, yari yarashyizweho na Trump nka “ambasaderi udasanzwe wa Hollywood.” Mu mezi ashize, Voight yakomeje guhura n’ibigo bikora amafilimi, abatanga serivisi zo ku muyoboro (streaming), amashyirahamwe n’ama-guild kugira ngo ategure gahunda izagarura amashusho n’amasanamu yo mu rwego rwa sinema muri Amerika. Ibyo bigo bikunze gukorera amafilimi hanze y’igihugu kubera kugabanyirizwa imisoro cyangwa ibindi byoroshya ishoramari mu bihugu nka Kanada, Australia, Ubwongereza, Nouvelle-Zélande, Hongiriya, Ubutaliyani na Esipanye.
Ku mpera z’icyumweru, Voight hamwe n’umujyanama we akaba n’umuyobozi ukomeye mu ruganda rwa sinema Steven Paul, bahuriye na Trump ku kigo cye cya Mar-a-Lago aho bamugejejeho “gahunda y’ubutabazi bwuzuye” – mbere y’uko Trump asohora itangazo ryatunguranye ry’uko agiye gushyiraho umusoro wa 100% ku mafilimi yose “yinjira mu gihugu atakorewe muri Amerika.”
Ku wa Mbere ni bwo hatangajwe bike mu byari bigize iyo gahunda ya Voight, aho inyandiko ye yavugaga gusa ko imisoro ishobora gukoreshwa “mu bihe bidasanzwe.” Ibi bikaba bitandukanye cyane n’itangazo rya Trump ryari rifite uburemere n’ubukana. Gahunda ya Voight yibanze cyane ku koroshya imisoro ku rwego rwa leta, guhindura amategeko y’imisoro, gushyiraho amasezerano y’ubufatanye n’ibindi bihugu mu gukora amafilimi, hamwe no gufasha ba nyiri ibigo byerekana amafilimi n’abakora amafilimi n’abo mu rwego rwo kuyatunganya nyuma (post-production).
Amwe mu mafirimi akomeye ya Hollywood akunze gufatirwa mu bihugu nka Kanada, Australia, Ubwongereza, Nouvelle-Zélande, Hongiriya, Ubutaliyani na Esipanye kugira ngo bifashishwe imisoro iciriritse, ubuhanga bw’abakozi baho ndetse n’ahantu hasa cyane n’ahari muri Amerika ariko bikaba bihendutse.
Mu itangazo yasohoye ku wa Mbere, Voight yavuze ko Ibiro bya Perezida biri “gusuzuma” iyo gahunda ye.
“Perezida akunda uruganda rw’imyidagaduro kimwe n’iki gihugu kandi azadufasha kongera kugarura igikundiro cya Hollywood,” Voight yavuze. “Turiteguye gukorana na guverinoma, abakozi, ibigo by’amafilimi n’abatanga serivisi zo kuri murandasi kugira ngo dukore igenamigambi rizatuma uruganda rwacu rusagamba kandi amafilimi menshi yongere gukorerwa muri Amerika.”
Nyuma y’itangazo rya Trump, Ibiro bya Perezida byatangaje ko “nta cyemezo cya nyuma kirafatwa ku bijyanye n’umusoro ku mafilimi y’amahanga.”
Amakuru aturuka muri FilmLA agaragaza ko ibikorwa byo gukora amafilimi mu mujyi wa Los Angeles byagabanutse hafi 40% mu myaka icumi ishize. Si ko byose byagiye hanze y’igihugu; hari ibindi bihugu bimwe na bimwe byatangaga imisoro yoroheje harimo Leta ya New York n’iya Georgia.
Reakiyo y’uruganda rwa sinema rwa Hollywood ku itangazo rya Trump yanyuranye bitewe no kubura ibisobanuro birambuye. Ntiharamenyekana uburyo bizajya bigenzurwa ngo hamenyekane amafilimi yafatwa nk’“ay’amahanga.” Nko kuri filimi nshya ya Marvel Thunderbolts, aho igice kinini cyayo cyakorewe muri Amerika ariko harimo ibice byafatiwe muri Maleziya ndetse n’indirimbo zayo zikaba zarakorewe i Londres. Ikindi kandi, uwo musoro ntuzakemura ikibazo cy’igiciro kiri hejuru cyo gukora amafilimi muri Amerika.
Ishyirahamwe ry’abakinnyi ba sinema n’amafilimi bo muri Amerika (SAG-AFTRA) ryagaragaje icyizere rusange, rivuga ko “ishyigikiye imbaraga zose zigamije kongera amafilimi, televiziyo n’ibikorwa by’imyidagaduro bikorerwa muri Amerika,” ndetse ko “rizaharanira politiki zifasha kuzamura ubukungu, kongera amarushanwa n’akazi gafasha abanyamerika b’icyiciro cyo hagati.”
Umuryango mpuzamahanga w’abakozi bo mu rwego rwa sinema n’ibirori (IATSE) wo wasabye “igisubizo kiringaniye cya guverinoma,” aho umuyobozi mukuru Matthew Loeb yavuze ko uwo muryango “wasabye ko ubuyobozi bwa Trump bwashyiraho inguzanyo z’imisoro ku bikorwa byo gukora amafilimi hamwe n’ibindi byorohereza abakorera imbere mu gihugu,” ariko yongeraho ko “politiki yose yo guhana ibindi bihugu ntigomba gushyira mu kaga abarwanashyaka bacu bo muri Kanada cyangwa se uruganda muri rusange.”
Australia yagaragaje impungenge: iki gihugu cyakunze gukurura amafilimi manini ya Amerika kubera politiki zitanga igabanywa rya 30% ku misoro ku bikorwa bya sinema bifite ingengo y’imari nini byafatiwe muri Australia. Muri miliyari 1.7 z’amadolari akoreshwa mu bikorwa bya sinema muri Australia mu mwaka wa 2023-24, hafi 50% byayo byari bikomoka ku bikorwa by’amahanga.
Minisitiri ushinzwe umuco n’ubuhanzi muri Australia, Tony Burke, yavuze ko areberera hafi uko ibintu bigenda.
“Nta muntu n’umwe ukwiye kugira impungenge: tuzaharanira uburenganzira bw’inganda za sinema zacu nk’Abanya-Australia,” Burke yavuze.
Mu Bwongereza, abayobozi ba guverinoma n’abayobozi bakuru b’uruganda rwa sinema rw’amapawundi arenga miliyari nyinshi bahise batangira gutegura inama zo kuganira kuri uwo musoro wa Trump, bamwe bakaburira abayobozi ko uwo musoro ushobora gusenya burundu uruganda rwa sinema rw’u Bwongereza.
Jon Voight kimwe na Mel Gibson na Sylvester Stallone, bashyizweho na Trump nk’“abambasaderi badasanzwe ba Hollywood,” aho Perezida yavuze ko Hollywood ari “ahantu heza ariko hari ibibazo bikomeye.”
Waba ushaka ko tugukorera inkuru ndende ishingiye kuri iyi nkuru mu Kinyarwanda nk’iyandikirwa urubuga rwawe?
