Urukiko Rukuru rw’u Bwongereza rwatangaje ko ijambo “umugore” mu mategeko y’uburinganire risobanura “umugore w’inkomoko n’igitsina cy’inkomoko,” bityo rutangaza ko trans femmes (abagabo biyumva nk’abagore kandi bafite impapuro zibemeza nk’abo) badakubiye muri iyo nsanganyamatsiko. Iki cyemezo cyakiriwe n’ibyishimo n’abaharanira ko igitsina cy’umuntu gishingirwa ku buryo yavutse, ariko giterwa impungenge n’abaharanira uburenganzira bw’abantu b’igitsina kitari icyo bavukanye (transgender), bavuga ko ari intambwe yateye inkeke.
Icyi kibazo cyaturutse ku birebana n’uburenganzira bwo kudakorerwa ivangura nk’uko biteganywa n’Itegeko ry’u Bwongereza ryo mu 2010 ry’Uburinganire (Equality Act 2010). Abatangije urubanza bavuga ko ubwo burenganzira bugenewe abavutse ari abagore gusa, naho Leta ya Skotilande yo ivuga ko trans femmes bafite icyemezo cya GRC (Gender Recognition Certificate) bemererwa ku rwego rw’amategeko kuba abagore, bityo bagomba kurindwa kimwe nk’abandi bagore.
Nubwo uru rubanza rwatangiriye ku mategeko yo muri Skotilande yerekeye kongera umubare w’abagore mu nama z’ubutegetsi z’ibigo, icyemezo cyafashwe ku wa Gatatu kizagira ingaruka ku buryo ikiganiro ku burenganzira bw’abantu ba trans gikunze kuba gikakaye mu Bwongereza.
Ishyaka riri ku butegetsi mu Bwongereza, Labour, ryavuze ko iki cyemezo “gitanga ibisobanuro bihamye n’icyizere,” mu gihe abatavuga rumwe na ryo, cyane cyane abo mu ishyaka rya Conservative, bakivuzeho nk’”intsinzi ishingiye ku bwenge busanzwe,” bakanasaba guhindura amabwiriza asanzwe.
Abacamanza batanu bose bafashe umwanzuro umwe wemeza uruhande rw’itsinda “For Women Scotland” (FWS), ryari ryatanze ikirego rivuga ko kudahuza igitsina cyemewe n’amategeko n’icyo umuntu yavukanye byateza ikibazo cyane cyane ku bijyanye na serivisi zigenewe igitsina kimwe gusa, nko mu byumba byo kwiyamburiramo, amacumbi rusange cyangwa inkambi.
Umucamanza Lord Patrick Hodge yagize ati:
“Amagambo ‘umugore’ n’’igitsina’ mu Itegeko ry’Uburinganire ryo mu 2010 bisobanura umugore w’inkomoko n’igitsina cy’inkomoko.”
Yongeyeho ati:
“Ibyerekeye ivangura rishingiye ku gitsina bigomba gusobanurwa hashingiwe ku gitsina umuntu yavukanye.”
Mu isesengura ry’icyemezo, urukiko rwavuze ko gusobanura ‘igitsina’ hashingiwe ku GRC byabangamira ibisobanuro bisanzwe by’”umugabo” n’”umugore,” bikabangamira uburyo igitsina cyubahirizwa nk’ikiranga umuntu mu bijyanye no kurengerwa n’amategeko. Urukiko rwemeje ko trans femmes bashobora gukumirwa muri serivisi zagenewe igitsina kimwe “niba bibaye ngombwa kandi bipimye.”
Lord Hodge yakomeje avuga ko guha trans femmes bafite GRC uburenganzira bwuzuye nk’ubw’abagore bavukanye igitsina cy’abagore byabaha “uburenganzira burenze” ubw’abagore bavukanye ari abagore, nk’iyo bigeze ku mategeko yerekeye gusama n’ikiruhuko cyo kubyara.
Nubwo bimeze bityo, umucamanza yashimangiye ko ubusobanuro bahawe Itegeko ry’Uburinganire “ritakuyeho uburenganzira bw’abantu ba trans”, yaba bafite GRC cyangwa batayifite. Yavuze ko trans femmes bashobora gutanga ikirego kuri ivangura ribabera rishingiye ku ihinduranya ry’igitsina (gender reassignment), cyangwa ku kuba babonwa nk’abagore.
Umuvugizi wa Guverinoma y’u Bwongereza yagize ati:
“Guverinoma ihora ishyigikiye kurengera serivisi zagenewe igitsina kimwe hashingiwe ku gitsina cy’inkomoko.”
Yongeyeho ko: “Icyi cyemezo cyazanye ibisobanuro bihamye ku bagore no ku batanga serivisi zirimo ibitaro, ubuhungiro, n’amakipe y’imikino. Aho serivisi zigenewe igitsina kimwe zirengerwa n’amategeko kandi bizahora bimeze gutyo.”
“Impinduka ikomeye ku bagore”
Nubwo Lord Hodge yagaragaje ko icyemezo cy’urukiko “kitagomba gufatwa nk’intsinzi y’itsinda rimwe ku rundi”, abaharanira ko igitsina gishingirwa ku bavutse batangaje ko batsinze.
Itsinda Sex Matters ryavuze riti:
“Urukiko rwatangaje igisubizo cy’ukuri: ikiranga umuntu ku gitsina – kuba umugabo cyangwa umugore – gishingiye ku kuri kw’igitsina, si ku nyandiko.”
Undi muryango, LGB Alliance, na wo wagiye uburana mu rubanza, wavuze ko iki cyemezo ari “impinduka y’amateka ku bagore.”
Joanna Cherry, wahoze ari Depite mu ishyaka SNP ryo muri Skotilande, akaba ari n’umwe mu barwanashyaka ba kera ku burenganzira bw’abagore, yabwiye itangazamakuru ati:
“Numva nkuweho urusobe rw’ibitutsi n’ishyaka,”
anavuga ko “ubu inshingano ziri mu biganza bya ba politisiye kugira ngo amategeko yubahirizwe.”
Naho ku ruhande rw’abaharanira uburenganzira bwa trans, bagaragaje impungenge.
Mu Bwongereza, ibyaha bishingiye ku ivangura ry’igitsina byazamutse ku kigero cya 112% mu 2023, nk’uko imibare ya Leta ibigaragaza – muri uwo mwaka kandi, Brianna Ghey, umukobwa muto wa trans, yishwe n’abana babiri biganaga mu busitani bwo hagati mu Bwongereza.
No muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, kuva igihe ubuyobozi bwa Donald Trump bwatangiye, imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu yagiye itabaza ku bwiyongere bw’ibitero ku burenganzira bw’abantu ba trans na non-binary.
Amnesty International, yashyigikiye Leta ya Skotilande mu rubanza, yari yarasabye ko amategeko ahindurwa kugira ngo abantu ba trans bagire uburenganzira ku buzima bwite, kubaka urugo, kurushinga no kubona serivisi z’ubuzima, nta ngorane zishingiye ku nyandiko z’icyemezo cy’igitsina.
Kuri uyu wa Gatatu, Amnesty yavuze ko icyemezo cy’urukiko gishobora “kugira ingaruka ziteye impungenge ku buzima bw’abantu ba trans”, ariko inagaragaza ko ari ingenzi kwibuka ko urukiko rwavuze ko “abantu ba trans bakomeza kurengerwa n’Itegeko ry’Uburinganire mu bijyanye no kutavangurwa no guhungabanywa.”
Umuryango Stonewall, uhagarariye LGBTQ mu Bwongereza, wavuze ko icyemezo cy’urukiko ari “giteye inkeke cyane ku muryango wa trans.”
Nyuma y’icyemezo, ishyirahamwe ry’abaharanira uburenganzira bwa trans muri Skotilande ryasabye abantu ba trans “kwitaho no kwitahiriza neza.”
Ryongeyeho riti:
“Turakangurira abantu kudahita bahangayika – hari amagambo menshi ari bwihute asohoke ashobora kwihutira gutangaza uko iki cyemezo kigiye kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwa buri muntu wa trans, ariko akenshi ari ukubyitirira birenze.”
