Francis yashatse kugabanya ikigero cy’imyaka no kongera igice cy’abakardinali, kandi kuri benshi, ni bwo bwa mbere bitabiriye inama y’amatora
Abafite ibitekerezo by’ubukonservatime n’ab’inyungu z’iterambere baraza kwongera imbaraga mu rugamba rwo kugena ejo hazaza h’Itorero Gatolika ku isi mu minsi iri imbere, mu gihe abakardinali 135 bitegura kwifungirana muri Chapelle ya Sistine kugira ngo batoranye uzasimbura Papa Francis.
Itsinda ry’abakardinali bagomba gutora umuyobozi mushya w’abakirisitu Gatolika basaga miliyari 1.4 ku isi hose, ntiryigeze riba ridateganwa nk’ubu, dore ko abenshi muri bo nta bunararibonye bafite bwo kwitabira amatora ya Papa (conclave). Uburyo abakardinali bakomoka mu bice bitandukanye by’isi ari benshi nabyo byongera urujijo.
Abagera ku 80% by’abemerewe gutora mu nama y’amatora bashyizweho na Papa Francis mu myaka 12 ishize. Abakardinali 20 muri bo bahawe ubu bubasha muri Ukuboza k’umwaka ushize gusa. Abenshi muri bo batarigeze banahura mbere yo kujya i Roma icyumweru gishize nyuma y’urupfu rwa Papa ku wa Mbere ushize.
Biteganyijwe ko inama y’amatora ya Papa izatangira ibiganiro ku mugaragaro mu cyumweru gitaha. Ariko ibiganiro by’ibanga n’ubushishozi butandukanye byari bimaze iminsi bitangiye mu mbuga z’i Vatikani, mu mazu yo kuriramo ndetse no mu busitani buhebuje.
“Ibiganiro mu by’ukuri bimaze igihe bitangiye, cyane cyane guhera mu ntangiriro z’uyu mwaka, kuko ubuzima bwa Papa Francis bwari bugaragaza aho bugana,” nk’uko Miles Pattenden, impuguke mu mateka y’Itorero Gatolika muri Kaminuza ya Oxford, yabivuze.
Abakandida barenga 20 bamaze kumenyekana nk’abashobora kuba Papa (papabile) nk’uko abasesenguzi ba Vatikani babivuga. Ariko, bake mu bizerwaga cyane batangira ari imbere ni bo bagira amahirwe yo kugera ku ntsinzi nyuma y’ibihe by’amatora. Mu 2013, Jorge Mario Bergoglio ntiyari mu bifuzwaga cyane, ariko ku musozo w’inama, yabaye Papa Francis.
Hari abakardinali batavugwa nk’abahatanira umwanya ariko bazaba bashyigikira abakandida bifuza, cyane cyane mu bakardinali bato bataragira ubunararibonye.
Mu bashobora gushishikariza ko hakomeza gahunda ya gikomiserivatime harimo Raymond Burke, umwepiskopi w’Umuyamerika ushyigikiye Donald Trump, na Gerhard Müller wo mu Budage, wigeze kuburira ko Itorero Gatolika rishobora gucikamo ibice mu gihe hatazatorwa Papa w’indakemwa.
Ihuriro ry’abifuza impinduka ririmo Jean-Claude Hollerich wo mu gihugu cya Luxembourg, Timothy Radcliffe wo mu Bwongereza, na Michael Czerny wo muri Canada.
Hari abashinja Papa Francis kuba yaruzuyemo abakardinali bashyigikiye ibitekerezo bye ubwo yashyiragaho barenga 100 mu gihe cy’ubutumwa bwe. Ariko Pattenden yavuze ati: “Mu mateka, nta na rimwe Papa yabashije kugena umusimbura we.”
Nubwo hari abakardinali bashimangira ubukonservatime n’abandi bakunze impinduka, “ni urusobe rw’ibitekerezo,” nk’uko Pattenden abivuga. “Hari ababa bafite imitekerereze ya gikomiserivatime ku ngingo zimwe ariko bakaba bafite imyumvire ya giharanira impinduka ku zindi — nko ku bijyanye n’uburinganire n’impinduka z’ikirere.
“Francis yifuzaga kuzamura bagenzi be bahuje imitekerereze, ariko ntiyashingiraga gusa ku gushaka abamushyigikira. Yari afite intego yo gutuma ihuriro ry’abakardinali riba ryagutse, ahitamo abagabo bakomoka mu matorero mato cyane nk’ay’i Iran, Algeria na Mongolia, kandi agerageza gukura imbaraga ku Burayi no muri Amerika y’Amajyaruguru.”
Mu 2013, abarenga 50% by’abatora bari baturuka i Burayi. Ubu, icyo kigero cyagabanutse kikagera kuri 39%, mu gihe 18% baturuka muri Aziya, 18% muri Amerika y’Epfo n’akarere ka Karaibé, na 12% baturuka muri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara.
Francis yanashatse kugabanya ikigero cy’imyaka y’abakardinali. Barindwi mu bahawe ubu bubasha muri Ukuboza ushize bari munsi y’imyaka 60, umwe muri bo — Mykola Bychok, umwepiskopi ukomoka muri Ukraine ukorera i Melbourne — afite imyaka 44 gusa. Hakiriwe abakardinali baturuka muri Peru, Ecuador, Algeria na Iran mu rwego rwo gukura imbaraga kuri Burayi.
Amatora ya mbere azaba vuba nyuma y’uko inama y’inama iteranye, hanyuma hakazajya habaho itora rimwe mu gitondo n’irindi nimugoroba kugeza igihe umukandida azabona amajwi abiri kuri atatu.
Abakardinali bazaba “bari munsi y’igitutu gikomeye cyo kwihutisha amatora,” nk’uko Pattenden abisobanura. “Isi yose iri kubareba, kandi abakirisitu Gatolika bashobora kuba bafite impungenge nibaramuka bagihugijwe n’amatora muri Kamena cyangwa Nyakanga.”
Mu kinyejana gishize, inama nyinshi z’amatora zamaraga iminsi ibiri cyangwa itatu. Inama y’amatora yamaze igihe kinini cyane yabaye mu kinyejana cya 13, imara imyaka ibiri n’amezi icyenda, naho iya vuba cyane yabaye mu 1503 aho amatora yarangiye mu masaha make.
Abari ku isonga mu byifuzo byo gusimbura Francis harimo Pietro Parolin, ushinzwe ibikorwa bya dipolomasi ya Vatikani, na Luis Antonio Tagle, umukardinali wo muri Filipine.
Kugeza ubu, gukekeranya uko amatora azagenda byamaze kuba isoko rinini ryo gutega amafaranga ku isi. Leighton Vaughan Williams, umwarimu w’ubukungu n’imari muri Nottingham Business School, yabwiye AFP ati: “Icyari ishyaka ry’abacuruzi n’abanyabwami b’i Roma muri Renaissance cyahindutse isoko ry’amafaranga menshi rikorwa ku isi hose binyuze ku gukanda buto cyangwa gukoresha ikofi ya crypto.”
Yagize ati: “Umuvuduko ibi bikorwa byo gutega amafaranga byagize uyu mwaka urerekana uburyo ubushake bwo kumenya iby’amatora ya Papa bukomeje kuba ikintu gikomeye mu muco w’isi, byiyongeraho uruhare rw’itangazamakuru n’umuco rusange.”
