Sam Nujoma, uzwi nk’umubyeyi w’igihugu cya Namibiya akaba n’umukuru w’igihugu wa mbere, yitabye Imana ku myaka 95.
Uyu muyobozi w’icyubahiro yayoboye urugamba rwo kwibohora kw’igihugu cye ku butegetsi bw’ivanguramoko bwa Afurika y’Epfo, maze Namibiya ibona ubwigenge mu mwaka wa 1990.
Urupfu rwe rwashenguye igihugu
Nk’uko byatangajwe na Perezidansi ya Namibiya, Sam Nujoma yitabye Imana ku wa Gatandatu nijoro nyuma yo kumara ibyumweru bitatu mu bitaro byo mu murwa mukuru, Windhoek.
Perezidansi yagize iti: “Urufatiro rwa Repubulika ya Namibiya rwahungabanye.” Ubuyobozi bwatangaje ko hagiye kubaho igihe cy’icyunamo ku rwego rw’igihugu.
Umuyobozi w’icyubahiro w’igihugu
Nujoma yari umuntu wubashywe cyane nk’umubyeyi wa Namibiya, wabaye inkingi ya mwamba mu kuyigeza kuri demokarasi no ku mahoro nyuma yโigihe kirekire cyโubukoloni bwโAbadage nโintambara yโukwigobotora ubutegetsi bwa Afurika yโEpfo.
Yari umwe mu bayobozi bโAbanyafurika barwanye ubukoloni nโubutegetsi bwโivanguramoko, aho yafatanyaga nโabandi nka Nelson Mandela wa Afurika yโEpfo, Robert Mugabe wa Zimbabwe, Kenneth Kaunda wa Zambia, na Samora Machel wa Mozambike.
Nujoma ni we washinze ishyaka SWAPO (South West Africa Peopleโs Organisation) ryayoboye urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu guhera mu mwaka wa 1960. Nyuma yโubwigenge, SWAPO yakomeje kuba ku butegetsi, ariko Nujoma yeguye burundu muri 2007 afite imyaka 78, nyuma yo kuva ku mwanya wa perezida mu 2005.
Abanyagihugu benshi bashimiraga ubuyobozi bwe bwatumye habaho ubumwe nโubwiyunge nyuma yโicyorezo cyโintambara yโukubohoza igihugu ndetse nโimiyoborere yโivanguramoko yโAbanyafurika yโEpfo yashakaga gushyira igihugu mu bice byโubwoko butandukanye.
Nโubwo yafatwaga nkโumuyobozi wa politiki wโigitsure, Nujoma yashimwe na benshi, barimo nโabanzi be ba politiki, kubera ko yashyizeho itegekonshinga ryubahiriza demokarasi ndetse agashyira hamwe abacuruzi nโabanyapolitiki bโabazungu mu miyoborere yโigihugu.
Ariko nanone, azwiho imvugo ikaze ku burengerazuba bwโisi ndetse no kwamagana imico yo kubana kwโabahuje igitsina, ibyo yitaga “imyitwarire yโamahanga yangiza” ndetse akavuga ko SIDA ari “intwaro yโumwanzi yatewe nโabantu.”
Ubuzima bwe bwatangiye mu bukene ariko buranga ubutwari
Sam Nujoma yavukiye mu muryango wโabahinzi borozi bo mu bwoko bwโAbavambo mu mwaka wa 1929, mu mudugudu muto wo mu majyaruguru yโuburengerazuba bwa Namibiya.
Yatangiriye urugendo rwa politiki ye mu kigero cyโubusore ubwo yimukiraga mu mujyi wa Walvis Bay afite imyaka 17, aho yabaga kwa nyirasenge mu gace kโabirabura. Ni ho yatangiye kumva ibibazo byโakarengane abirabura barimo ku butegetsi bwโivanguramoko.
Yari imfura mu muryango wโabana 10. Mu mwaka wa 1949, yatangiye akazi ko gukubura gari ya moshi hafi ya Windhoek, aniga nijoro. Ni muri iyo myaka yahuriye nโumuyobozi wa gakondo wโAbaherero, Hosea Kutako, wamubereye umutoza wโubuzima bwa politiki, amufasha kwinjira mu ruhando rwโabaharaniraga ubwigenge bwa Namibiya.
Mu mwaka wa 1960, Nujoma yagiye mu buhungiro muri Botswana, asiga umugore we nโabana bane. Icyo gihe, yatorewe kuyobora SWAPO, maze atangira urugendo rwo gushaka inkunga no gutangiza urugamba rwitwaje intwaro mu mwaka wa 1966.
Nyuma yโimyaka irenga icumi yโimirwano, Akanama ka Loni gashinzwe umutekano kafashe umwanzuro mu 1978 wo gushyiraho ibiganiro nโamatora. Nyamara byafashe indi myaka icumi kugira ngo iyo myanzuro ishyirwe mu bikorwa, maze amatora aba mu 1989.
Mu matora, ishyaka SWAPO ryatsinze, Nujoma arahira nkโumukuru wโigihugu wa mbere muri Werurwe 1990.
Umurage asigiye Namibiya
Nyuma yo kuva ku butegetsi, Nujoma yakomeje kwiga, aho yagiye kwiga icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza mu bijyanye nโubutaka nโamabuye yโagaciro, yemeza ko Namibiya ifite ubutunzi bwinshi bugihishe mu misozi yayo.
Perezidansi ya Namibiya yagize iti: “Nujoma yatanze ubuyobozi buhambaye ku gihugu cyacu, akora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo buri Munamibiya wese agire uruhare mu kubaka igihugu cyigenga, cyishimye kandi cyubahwa mu ruhando mpuzamahanga.”
